Department of Physics, Naragh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Naragh, Iran
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to determine the relationships between the conditions of thin film synthesis and their characteristics. CZTSSe is synthesized through a two-step process, the various precursor accumulation instructions are studied in order to understand the sequence of reactions that lead from their deposition to the final layer of CZTSSe. The results of this study show that the final materials after firing at high temperature (575 ° C) and long time (25 minutes) are independent of the order of precursor deposition, but the intermediate stages of material formation are strongly influenced by the situations related to It is layers of copper and tin. This is done by synthesizing the CZTSSe layer on different substrates containing different levels of sodium: thus, during synthesis, sodium migrates from the substrate to the adsorbent. It is then used in a full solar cell to study the properties of photovoltaics. The results show that, as in the case of CIGS technology, sodium is beneficial to CZTSSe and increases open circuit voltage and cell efficiency. Molybdenum is the best back contact for CZTSSe-based solar cells. However, it has recently been suggested that MB is not stable in the user interface.
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